TORONTO WORKFORCE INNOVATION GROUP
2020 REPORT
The microwork study was initiated by Toronto Workforce Innovation Group (TWIG) in September 2019. TWIG is part of Workforce Planning Ontario, the network of 26 planning boards is funded by the Ministry of Labour, Training and Skills Development. Each board is as individual as the community it serves. However, the network also works together to identify and plan for fast-growing sectors.
TWIG maintains a focus on the technology industry. In Toronto, new jobs are emerging through infotech and biotech advances. New forms of work are the result of globalization and socio-economic change. According to the City of Toronto, full-time employment grew more slowly than the city average, adding 31,930 jobs (2.8%) from 2018 to 2019. Part-time employment added 14,980 jobs (4.0%). Trends point to a long-term increase in part-time employment in Toronto.
You might be familiar with gig-work and the sharing economy. Yet many people are unfamiliar with microwork. It is an outsourcing method that shifts jobs to many isolated tasks. A microworker takes on a variety of different HITs from many sources through an internet platform. Two of the leading microwork platforms are Figure Eight and Amazon Turk. They represent a marketplace where outsourcing clients post tasks for microworkers.
If you haven’t heard of microwork, try bringing it up in conversation. You are likely to find that you know someone – or someone who knows someone – who does.
The number of people estimated to be microtasking in Toronto is still small, so they may not be a microworker. But they may well post tasks on one of the platforms. Canada’s demand for microworkers is high and the workforce is global. In fact, according to the Online Labour Index (2016), Canada is in the top five countries for employers buying labour over the internet.
Indeed, corporations are breaking jobs into tasks to improve their bottom line. Yet, academics, political parties, the creative industry, and many others generate HITs. The work includes complex surveys, digital recordings of experiences, and “predictions about political events.”
Verifiable statistics are not available for Toronto, so TWIG used foresight for this study. Experts, designers, policymakers, and gig workers contributed to all phases of the research. Together, we identified the changes that are taking place in Toronto’s workforce. Then we created four microwork futures and strategic perspectives to support planning.
The research topic went beyond microwork in Toronto. We offer this deep dive into microwork to anyone who is thinking about the future of work.
On behalf of the Microtasking Research Team
Cheryl May, Senior Researcher
March 2020
THE FUTURES OF MICROWORK
FROM JOBS TO TASKS
Students making extra money by microtasking
Why look into microwork in Toronto?
Five questions about microwork
Microtasking as a quick fix to ease the cash crunch
TWIG’s microwork reading list
Kristy Milland: The state of microwork
City of Toronto: Inclusive economic development
Statistics Canada: Digital platform worker initiatives
MICROWORK INSIGHTS
FROM PRESENT TO FUTURE
Microwork: An introduction
Microworking in Toronto
Invisible Gigs: Researching Microwork in Canada
Aggregate action, complexity, and microwork
Microwork futures: strategic perspectives
What’s next: Investigating personal futures
FORESIGHT METHODOLOGY
A DEEPER DIVE
SCENARIOS TORONTO 2030
TALES OF POLICY AND PROFIT
Scenario 1: Purpose-driven Conglomerates
Scenario 2: Profitably Public
Scenario 3: The Social Impact Franchise
Scenario 4: Corporate Cooperativism
Persona 1: Robin Esposito
Persona 2: Alyx Lee
Persona 3: Vasil Ramadani
Persona 4: Dan Yoon
FUNDED BY